What are the applications of aluminum alloy in auto parts?

2019-12-23 10:20:22

I. engine body

Automobile engine body is divided into upper cylinder block (cylinder head) and lower cylinder block. The casting forms are generally divided into die casting, low-pressure casting and gravity casting. The upper cylinder block (cylinder head) and lower cylinder block are all made of aluminum alloy. Japanese cars are common, but the upper cylinder block is also made of cast iron. The codes of various countries in the world are different in the use of aluminum alloy ingots. The frequently used and common main brands are A390, 390, asm380, etc. in the United States; ac2b, adc10, etc. in Japan; ZL104, zl106, etc. in China; alsi9cu3, in France; alsi8cunimg, AlSi12Cu, etc. in Germany.

The aluminum alloy auto parts of the car do not require a single strength or a single plasticity, but a comprehensive performance combining strength and plasticity, which requires a lower thermal expansion rate and better wear resistance. If the aluminum alloy parts have the requirements of later heat treatment, it is necessary to put forward special requirements for the content of calcium, titanium alloy elements and slag in the aluminum alloy ingot. In the technical requirements, it is necessary to make clear whether the impurity content and modification treatment are carried out, so as to avoid material defects such as excessive impurities, surface color spots caused by strontium modification and poor air tightness.

Composition is not the only factor that causes the defect of parts and components, and the organizational structure of materials is the key. The requirements of downstream enterprises are not clear, and it is unfair for upstream enterprises. In order to avoid defects, the material needs to meet the following structural requirements: alfemn phase is less than 200 microns; alfemnsi phase is less than 200 microns; silicon copper agglomerate is less than 50 microns; large area gas containing defects, the pinhole diameter is less than grade 2; copper agglomerate is less than 50 microns.

II. Cylinder head

Cylinder head is the two major parts of engine parts, the parts are relatively complex, and the technical requirements are high. It is commonly used in gravity casting or low-pressure casting, and the main brands are A356, AC2A, AlSi6Cu4, AlSi7Mg, zl106, ZL107, etc. The parts are required to have high heat resistance, impact resistance, fatigue strength and other comprehensive properties. The alloy ingot material is required to have good tensile strength, yield strength and other comprehensive physical properties. The material pinhole size, grain size and modification treatment should meet the requirements of the structure. There are more or less defects in the structure of any material, but the defects of the material should be controlled within the corresponding range according to the requirements of the parts, so as to meet the performance requirements of the parts: the size of primary silicon is less than 50 μ m, the acicular iron of Al Si Fe phase is less than 90 μ m, the average grain size is greater than 7, and the pinhole size is less than 2.

III. piston

According to the metallurgical properties and machinability of materials, there are many eutectic alloy materials, but there are also products with small expansion coefficient that require hypereutectic alloy materials. The ingot grades of piston parts mainly include alsi12cumgni, ZL109, alsicu1, AC8A, etc., which have comprehensive performance requirements of high strength, toughness, heat resistance and impact resistance for piston parts. The main characteristics of alloy elements are nickel content, generally more than 1%.

IV. end cover, bracket, valve body, manifold end cover, bracket, valve body, manifold and other aluminum alloy parts

The main materials used are ADC12, adc10, AlSi12Cu, ZL102, zld101, etc. these parts require aluminum alloy ingot materials to have comprehensive properties of strength and toughness. The slag content of ADC12 and zld101 is less than 1.5%, and the shrinkage cavity of ingot is less than one third of the cross section.

V. transmission housing

The main brands of aluminum alloy ingot materials used for transmission housing are ADC12, adc10, 390, ZL102, g-alsi10, 1016, etc.

Vi. steering wheel

Generally, the aluminum alloy ingot materials used for steering wheel are adt6, almg2mn, etc. for the performance of steering wheel, it is required to have good impact resistance, strength and corrosion resistance, and such aluminum alloy materials are generally solution strengthened.