What are the stamping materials used in automobiles?

2019-12-18 10:39:21

A large number of cold stamping processes have been used in the production of automotive stamping parts, which are suitable for the needs of many varieties and large-scale production of automotive stamping parts industry. In medium and heavy-duty vehicles, most of the covering parts, such as body outer panel, and some load-bearing and supporting parts, such as frame, carriage and other auto parts are automobile stamping parts. The steel used for cold stamping is mainly steel plate and steel strip, accounting for 72.6% of the total steel consumption of the whole vehicle. The relationship between cold stamping materials and the production of automobile stamping parts is very close. The quality of materials not only determines the performance of products, but also directly affects the process design of automobile stamping parts process, and affects the quality, cost, service life and production organization of products. Therefore, reasonable selection of materials is one of the most important factors An important and complex task.

Automobile cab parts are mostly cover parts, whose shape is complex and forming is complex, but the force is not large. Using die forming technology, the forming performance of materials becomes the main contradiction. Therefore, materials are required to have formability, tension rigidity, elongation, concave resistance, corrosion resistance and welding performance. In product design, the steel plate variety is usually selected according to the stress of the plate parts and the complexity of the shape. Generally, low carbon cold-rolled steel sheet with excellent drawing performance and ultra-low carbon cold-rolled steel sheet are selected. In recent years, the cold-rolled steel plates with excellent formability and higher strength, such as phosphorous cold-rolled steel plates, cold-rolled dual phase steel plates, bake hardening cold-rolled steel plates, ultra-low carbon steel high-strength cold-rolled steel plates and other kinds of steel plates, such as coated steel plates, tailor welded steel plates and TRIP steel plates, have also been widely used in door outer plates, door inner plates, door reinforcing plates, roof covers, trunk covers and so on Bumper and other auto body parts.

In the selection of materials, firstly, according to the type and use characteristics of automobile stamping, the metal materials with different mechanical properties are selected to achieve the purpose of not only ensuring product quality, but also saving materials.

Generally, the following principles should be followed when selecting the materials of automobile stamping parts:

A. the selected materials shall first meet the service performance requirements of auto parts;

B. the selected materials shall have better technological properties;

C. the selected materials shall have better economy.

The shape of car parts is not very complex, most of them adopt roll forming technology, which has certain requirements on the formability, rigidity, corrosion resistance and weldability of materials. Generally, high-strength steel plate with good formability and weldability is selected. Generally, high-strength steel plate with strength grade of 300-600mpa and ultra-fine grain steel are used.

The frame, the middle plate of the carriage and some parts used for supporting and connecting are important load-bearing parts. Most of them adopt the die forming process, which requires the materials to have high strength and good plasticity, as well as fatigue durability, collision energy absorption capacity and weldability. Generally, high-strength steel plate, ultra-fine grain steel plate (strength level is 300-610mpa) and ultra-high strength steel plate (strength level is 610-1000mpa) with good formability are selected.